Weighted and unweighted, and why both exist
Unweighted GPA puts every class on the same 4.0 scale. An A in AP Chemistry and an A in a standard elective are both worth 4.0, which is the point: it measures how you did, not what you took.
Weighted GPA adds points for harder classes. On the most common US scale — the one this calculator uses — AP, IB and dual-enrollment courses add a full point and Honors adds half, so an A in an AP class is worth 5.0 and an A in Honors is worth 4.5. That is why weighted GPAs can exceed 4.0.
Colleges look at both, and most large universities recalculate your GPA themselves using their own scale before they compare you to anyone. That is worth knowing before you spend a weekend agonising over a hundredth of a point: the number that matters most is the one your transcript supports, not the one any calculator prints.